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Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of T‐helper lineage specification
Author(s) -
Tripathi Subhash K.,
Lahesmaa Riitta
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12204
Subject(s) - epigenetics , biology , effector , lineage (genetic) , transcription factor , transcriptional regulation , cellular differentiation , regulation of gene expression , genetics , t cell , gene , immune system , immunology
Summary Combined with TCR stimuli, extracellular cytokine signals initiate the differentiation of naive CD 4 + T cells into specialized effector T‐helper (Th) and regulatory T (Treg) cell subsets. The lineage specification and commitment process occurs through the combinatorial action of multiple transcription factors ( TF s) and epigenetic mechanisms that drive lineage‐specific gene expression programs. In this article, we review recent studies on the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of distinct Th cell lineages. Moreover, we review current study linking immune disease‐associated single‐nucleotide polymorphisms with distal regulatory elements and their potential role in the disease etiology.