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How T'reg‐ulate healing of the injured spinal cord?
Author(s) -
Milling Simon,
Edgar Julia M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.13148
Subject(s) - neuroprotection , inflammation , foxp3 , immune system , spinal cord , limiting , immunology , wound healing , medicine , transforming growth factor , spinal cord injury , neuroscience , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , mechanical engineering , engineering
Summary Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important for limiting inflammation‐dependent damage in neural tissue. However, Tregs have also been shown to inhibit neural repair associated with type 2 (anti‐inflammatory/wound healing) immune responses. Recently, it was demonstrated that Sirtuins, a family of proteins that contribute to the control of cellular responses to metabolic stimuli, influence the functions of Tregs. Specifically, SIRT4 was found to suppress the anti‐neuroinflammatory activity of Tregs infiltrating the spinal cord following injury; when SIRT4 expression was genetically suppressed, Tregs made more anti‐inflammatory factors, IL‐10, FoxP3, and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). Thus, understanding how the SIRT4‐Treg pathway can be manipulated could provide useful avenues to control both pathogenic and neuroprotective immune responses.