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Differential role of the NLRP 3 inflammasome in infection and tumorigenesis
Author(s) -
Tartey Sarang,
Kanneganti ThirumalaDevi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.13046
Subject(s) - inflammasome , nod1 , nod2 , carcinogenesis , pyrin domain , inflammation , cancer , nod , biology , immunology , immune system , disease , cancer research , medicine , innate immune system , genetics , gene , pathology
Summary Dysregulated inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cancer initiation and progression. Emerging evidence indicates that inflammasomes play a central role in regulating immune cell functions in various infections and cancer. Inflammasomes are multimeric complexes consisting of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain ( NOD ) ‐like receptors ( NLR s). Among the NLR s, NOD 1, NOD 2 and NLRP 3 respond to a variety of endogenous (i.e. damage‐associated molecular patterns) and exogenous (i.e. pathogen‐associated molecular patterns) stimuli. The NLRP 3 inflammasome is associated with the onset and progression of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including metabolic disorders, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cryopyrin‐associated periodic fever syndrome. NLRP 3 is also associated with a wide variety of infections and tumorigenesis that are closely correlated with chemotherapy response and prognosis. In this review, we explore the rapidly expanding body of research on the expression and functions of NLRP 3 in infections and cancers and outline novel inhibitors targeting the NLRP 3 inflammasome that could be developed as therapeutic alternatives to current anticancer treatment.