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Micro RNA ‐mediated regulation of T helper type 17/regulatory T‐cell balance in autoimmune disease
Author(s) -
Liu Cuilian,
Yang Haoran,
Shi Weiyun,
Wang Ting,
Ruan Qingguo
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.12994
Subject(s) - experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis , autoimmunity , immunology , immune system , biology , autoimmune disease , effector , regulatory t cell , microrna , immune tolerance , inflammation , t cell , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , il 2 receptor , antibody , genetics
Summary T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells are two distinct T‐cell subsets with opposite effects on immune functions. While Th17 cells are a key effector in the immune response and play critical roles in the development of autoimmunity and inflammation, Treg cells orchestrate the overall immune response and maintain peripheral immune tolerance by regulating the activity of the effector T cells. However, the developmental pathways for Th17 and Treg cells are reciprocally interconnected and there is a significant amount of plasticity between them. Disturbed Th17/Treg balance contributes to the development of autoimmune diseases, like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Micro RNA s (mi RNA s) are small non‐coding RNA molecules that post‐transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that mi RNA s play an important role in regulating the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases through the modulation of Th17/Treg balance. This review will provide an overview of the dysregulated mi RNA s and their functions in modulating the Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune diseases.