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The formation and function of tertiary lymphoid follicles in chronic pulmonary inflammation
Author(s) -
Yadava Koshika,
Bollyky Paul,
Lawson Melissa A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.12649
Subject(s) - inflammation , chemokine , lung , lymphatic system , immunology , pulmonary function testing , medicine , pathological , pathology
Summary Tertiary lymphoid follicles ( TLF s) can develop in the respiratory tract in response to infections or chronic inflammation. However, their functional relevance remains unclear because they are implicated in both protective and pathological responses. In contrast to homeostatic conditions, external antigens and damage to the lung tissue may drive TLF formation in inflamed lungs, and once established, the presence of pulmonary TLF s may signal the progression of chronic lung disease. This novel concept will be discussed in light of recent work in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and how changes in the pulmonary microbiota may drive and direct TLF formation and function. We will also discuss the cellularity of TLF s at the pulmonary mucosa, with emphasis on the potential roles of lymphoid tissue inducer cells, and B‐ and T‐cell aggregates, and will examine the function of key chemokines and cytokines including CXCL 13 and interleukin‐17, in the formation and maintenance of pulmonary TLF s.