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Effect of standard tuberculosis treatment on naive, memory and regulatory T‐cell homeostasis in tuberculosis–diabetes co‐morbidity
Author(s) -
Kumar Nathella P.,
Moideen Kadar,
Viswanathan Vijay,
Kornfeld Hardy,
Babu Subash
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.12632
Subject(s) - diabetes mellitus , tuberculosis , effector , immunology , pathogenesis , medicine , memory t cell , cell , phenotype , t cell , endocrinology , biology , pathology , immune system , gene , biochemistry
Summary Perturbations in CD 4 + and CD 8 + T‐cell phenotype and function are hallmarks of tuberculosis–diabetes co‐morbidity. However, their contribution to the pathogenesis of this co‐morbidity and the effect of anti‐tuberculosis treatment on the phenotype of the T‐cell subsets is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the frequency of different T‐cell subsets in individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis ( PTB ) with diabetes mellitus ( DM ) or without coincident diabetes mellitus ( NDM ) before, during and after completion of anti‐tuberculosis chemotherapy. PTB ‐ DM is characterized by heightened frequencies of central memory CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells and diminished frequencies of naive, effector memory and/or effector CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells at baseline and after 2 months of treatment but not following treatment completion in comparison with PTB ‐ NDM . Central memory CD 4 + and CD 8 + T‐cell frequencies exhibited a positive correlation with fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin A1c levels, whereas the frequencies of naive and effector memory or effector CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells exhibited a negative correlation. However, the frequencies of CD 4 + and CD 8 + T‐cell subsets in individuals with PTB exhibited no significant relationship with bacterial burdens. Finally, although minor alterations in the T‐cell subset compartment were observed at 2 months of treatment, significantly decreased frequencies of central memory and significantly enhanced frequencies of naive CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells were observed at the completion of treatment. Our data reveal a profound effect of coexistent diabetes on the altered frequencies of central memory, effector memory and naive T cells and its normalization following therapy.