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Physiological roles of miR‐155
Author(s) -
Mashima Ryuichi
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.12468
Subject(s) - mir 155 , biology , immune system , microrna , lymphoma , leucosis , cancer research , b cell , virus , virology , genetics , gene , immunology , antibody
Summary miR‐155 is involved in non‐coding microRNAs found in humans, mice and chickens of which the sequence is conserved. Historically, miR‐155 was identified as a B‐cell integration cluster ( bic ), which induces B‐cell leucosis in chickens, by its activation through viral promoter insertion. Subsequent studies have shown that transgenic mice expressing miR‐155 in B cells generated lymphoma, showing that miR‐155 is oncogenic. Biochemical investigation identifies many substrates of miR‐155, and one of them in B cells and macrophages is the SH2‐domain containing inositol‐5′‐phosphatase 1. A deficiency of miR‐155 in the immune system causes attenuated immune functions. Clinically, several types of malignancy including diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma have high miR‐155 expression levels.