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Antibody and T ‐cell responses associated with experimental human malaria infection or vaccination show limited relationships
Author(s) -
Walker Karen M.,
Okitsu Shinji,
Porter David W.,
Duncan Christopher,
Amacker Mario,
Pluschke Gerd,
Cavanagh David R.,
Hill Adrian V. S.,
Todryk Stephen M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.297
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1365-2567
pISSN - 0019-2805
DOI - 10.1111/imm.12428
Subject(s) - elispot , avidity , immunology , malaria , antigen , biology , plasmodium falciparum , antibody , malaria vaccine , vaccination , virology , immune system , immunity , t cell
Summary This study examined specific antibody and T ‐cell responses associated with experimental malaria infection or malaria vaccination, in malaria‐naive human volunteers within phase I / II a vaccine trials, with a view to investigating inter‐relationships between these types of response. Malaria infection was via five bites of P lasmodium falciparum ‐infected mosquitoes, with individuals reaching patent infection by 11–12 days, having harboured four or five blood‐stage cycles before drug clearance. Infection elicited a robust antibody response against merozoite surface protein‐1 19 , correlating with parasite load. Classical class switching was seen from an early I g M to an I g G 1‐dominant response of increasing affinity. Malaria‐specific T ‐cell responses were detected in the form of interferon‐ γ and interleukin‐4 ( IL ‐4) ELI spot, but their magnitude did not correlate with the magnitude of antibody or its avidity, or with parasite load. Different individuals who were immunized with a virosome vaccine comprising influenza antigens combined with P . falciparum antigens, demonstrated pre‐existing interferon‐ γ , IL ‐2 and IL ‐5 ELI spot responses against the influenza antigens, and showed boosting of anti‐influenza T ‐cell responses only for IL ‐5. The large I g G 1‐dominated anti‐parasite responses showed limited correlation with T‐cell responses for magnitude or avidity, both parameters being only negatively correlated for IL ‐5 secretion versus anti‐apical membrane antigen‐1 antibody titres. Overall, these findings suggest that cognate T ‐cell responses across a range of magnitudes contribute towards driving potentially effective antibody responses in infection‐induced and vaccine‐induced immunity against malaria, and their existence during immunization is beneficial, but magnitudes are mostly not inter‐related.