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Differential clinical characteristics, management and outcome of delirium among ward compared with intensive care unit patients
Author(s) -
Canet Emmanuel,
Amjad Sobia,
Robbins Raymond,
Lewis Jane,
Matalanis Michelle,
Jones Daryl,
Bellomo Rinaldo
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
internal medicine journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.596
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1445-5994
pISSN - 1444-0903
DOI - 10.1111/imj.14287
Subject(s) - delirium , medicine , dementia , intensive care unit , emergency medicine , retrospective cohort study , intensive care , cohort , intensive care medicine , pediatrics , disease
Background Delirium is common in hospitalised patients but its epidemiology remains poorly characterised. Aims To test the hypothesis that patient demographics, clinical phenotype, management and outcomes of patient with delirium in hospital ward patients differ from intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods Retrospective cohort of patients admitted to an Australian university‐affiliated hospital between March 2013 and April 2017 and coded for delirium at discharge using the International Classification of Diseases System, 10th revision, criteria. Results Among 61 032 hospitalised patients, 2864 (4.7%) were coded for delirium. From these, we studied a random sample of 100 ward patients and 100 ICU patients. Ward patients were older (median age: 84 vs 65 years; P < 0.0001), more likely to have dementia (38% vs 2% for ICU patients; P < 0.0001) and less likely to have had surgery (24% vs 62%; P < 0.0001). Of ward patients, 74% had hypoactive delirium, while 64% of ICU patients had agitated delirium ( P < 0.0001). Persistent delirium at hospital discharge was more common among ward patients (66% vs 17%, P < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, age and dementia predicted persistent delirium, while surgery predicted recovery. Conclusions Delirium in ward patients is profoundly different from delirium in ICU patients. It has a dominant hypoactive clinical phenotype, is preceded by dementia and is less likely to recover at hospital discharge. Therefore, delirium prevention, detection and goals of care should be adapted to the environment in which it occurs.