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Identification of Y‐chromosome scaffolds of the Queensland fruit fly reveals a duplicated gyf gene paralogue common to many Bactrocera pest species
Author(s) -
Choo Amanda,
Nguyen Thu N.M.,
Ward Christopher M.,
Chen Isabel Y.,
Sved John,
Shearman Deborah,
Gilchrist Anthony S.,
Crisp Peter,
Baxter Simon W.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
insect molecular biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.955
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1365-2583
pISSN - 0962-1075
DOI - 10.1111/imb.12602
Subject(s) - bactrocera , biology , genetics , chromosome , tephritidae , gene , evolutionary biology , pest analysis , botany
Bactrocera tryoni (Queensland fruit fly) are polyphagous horticultural pests of eastern Australia. Heterogametic males contain a sex‐determining Y‐chromosome thought to be gene poor and repetitive. Here, we report 39 Y‐chromosome scaffolds (~700 kb) from B. tryoni identified using genotype‐by‐sequencing data and whole‐genome resequencing. Male diagnostic PCR assays validated eight Y‐scaffolds, and one (Btry4096) contained a novel gene with five exons that encode a predicted 575 amino acid protein. The Y‐gene, referred to as typo‐gyf , is a truncated Y‐chromosome paralogue of X‐chromosome gene gyf (1773 aa). The Y‐chromosome contained ~41 copies of typo‐gyf , and expression occurred in male flies and embryos. Analysis of 13 tephritid transcriptomes confirmed typo‐gyf expression in six additional Bactrocera species, including Bactrocera latifrons , Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera zonata . Molecular dating estimated typo‐gyf evolved within the past 8.02 million years (95% highest posterior density 10.56–5.52 million years), after the split with Bactrocera oleae . Phylogenetic analysis also highlighted complex evolutionary histories among several Bactrocera species, as discordant nuclear (116 genes) and mitochondrial (13 genes) topologies were observed. B. tryoni Y‐sequences may provide useful sites for future transgene insertions, and typo‐gyf could act as a Y‐chromosome diagnostic marker for many Bactrocera species, although its function is unknown.