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Effect of K ampo extracts on urinary stone formation: An experimental investigation
Author(s) -
Nishihata Masaya,
Kohjimoto Yasuo,
Hara Isao
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1442-2042
pISSN - 0919-8172
DOI - 10.1111/iju.12098
Subject(s) - calcium oxalate , kampo , medicine , kidney stones , adhesion , in vitro , kidney , oxalate , urinary system , calcium , pharmacology , biochemistry , pathology , chemistry , alternative medicine , organic chemistry
Objective To examine the effects of K ampo extracts on the process of urinary stone formation. Methods A total of 14 K ampo extracts (10 μg/ mL ) were examined in vitro by assessing whether they could inhibit two critical steps in the early process of calcium oxalate stone formation, namely crystal aggregation and crystal adhesion to the renal tubular epithelium of M adin– D arby canine kidney cells. The inhibitory effect of the extracts on stone formation was examined by using a rat model. Results Sanshishi and T akusha showed a strong inhibitory effect on the calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal aggregation (84.5% and 64.2%, respectively) and on the crystal adhesion to M adin– D arby canine kidney cells (88.2% and 54.6%, respectively). As pretreatment of M adin– D arby canine kidney cells with these two K ampo extracts did not show any inhibitory effect on crystal adhesion, they were considered to mainly affect the crystal surface to block crystal adhesion to M adin– D arby canine kidney cells. Gorin‐san, containing both S anshishi and T akusha, showed significantly stronger inhibitory activities at lower concentrations compared with C horei‐to, which contains T akusha. Finally, S anshishi showed a prophylactic effect on calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the rat model. Conclusions These findings suggest that G orin‐san, which contains S anshishi and T akusha, might be used for the prophylaxis of urolithiasis in humans.