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Interleukin‐6 levels in female rats with protamine sulfate‐induced chronic cystitis treated with hyaluronic acid
Author(s) -
Lv YiSong,
Yao YouSheng,
Lin MingEn,
Rong Lu,
Deng BiHua,
Huang Jian,
Hao WeiPing
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1442-2042
pISSN - 0919-8172
DOI - 10.1111/iju.12090
Subject(s) - medicine , hyaluronic acid , protamine sulfate , protamine , interstitial cystitis , interleukin , immunohistochemistry , h&e stain , inflammation , endocrinology , andrology , cytokine , urinary system , heparin , anatomy
Objectives To measure interleukin‐6 levels in a protamine sulfate‐induced chronic cystitis rat model treated with hyaluronic acid, and to study the correlation among interleukin‐6, bladder inflammatory degree and voiding frequency. Methods A chronic cystitis model was created in female rats by using long‐term intermittent intravesical protamine sulfate (0.5 mL, 30 mg/mL). Then, hyaluronic acid (0.5 mL, 0.8 mg/mL) was also instilled intravesically in the rats. Interleukin‐6 levels were analyzed with immunohistochemistry, real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was carried out to examine bladder inflammatory degree based on a four‐point scoring system (from 0 – none to 3 – severe). Voiding patterns were investigated by cystometrography. Results According to cystometrography, protamine sulfate‐induced rats had significantly shorter intercontraction intervals and less bladder capacity ( P < 0.001). The bladder tissue of the rats showed severe chronic inflammation. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay showed significantly higher expression of interleukin‐6 ( P < 0.001). After intravesical administration of hyaluronic acid, both intercontraction intervals and bladder capacity increased significantly ( P < 0.001), whereas both bladder inflammatory degree and interleukin‐6 levels decreased significantly ( P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between interleukin‐6 levels and inflammatory degree ( r = 0.727, P < 0.001), and also between interleukin‐6 levels and voiding frequency ( r = –0.761, P < 0.001). Conclusions Intravesical administration of hyaluronic acid decreases interleukin‐6 levels, as well as the severity of bladder inflammation and voiding frequency in a rat model of chronic cystitis. Interleukin‐6 levels closely correlate with the inflammatory degree and voiding frequency. Thus, they can be regarded as an assessment measure of therapeutic impact.