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Intergenerational associations of dietary inflammatory index with birth outcomes and weight status at age 5 and 9: Results from the Lifeways cross‐generation cohort study
Author(s) -
Navarro Pilar,
Shivappa Nitin,
Hébert James R.,
Mehegan John,
Murrin Celine M.,
Kelleher Cecily C.,
Phillips Catherine M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pediatric obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.226
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 2047-6310
pISSN - 2047-6302
DOI - 10.1111/ijpo.12588
Subject(s) - medicine , offspring , overweight , mediation , obesity , logistic regression , birth weight , demography , grandparent , cohort , childhood obesity , pregnancy , psychology , developmental psychology , genetics , sociology , political science , law , biology
Summary Background Maternal diet and chronic inflammation may influence early‐life offspring health. No comparative data regarding intergenerational associations between dietary inflammation and offspring growth exist. Objective To investigate potential associations between parental and grandparental dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores with offspring birth outcomes and childhood adiposity. Methods This analysis of the Lifeways Study includes 1082 mother‐child pairs, 333 index‐child's fathers and 707 grandparents. Energy‐adjusted DII (E‐DII) scores were derived from a validated FFQ for all adults. Birth outcomes were abstracted from hospital records. Childhood BMI was determined at age 5 and 9. Logistic regression and mediation analyses using the PROCESS macro for SPSS were performed. Results Higher maternal E‐DII scores, reflecting a more pro‐inflammatory diet, were associated with increased risk of low birthweight (LBW), BW < 2500 g (OR:1.20, 95%CI:1.02–1.47, p = 0.03). Higher maternal grandmothers' (MGM) E‐DII scores were associated with increased risk of macrosomia (OR:1.35, 95% CI:1.02–1.79, p = 0.03) and with increased risk of an overweight grandchild at age 9 (OR:1.47, 95% CI:1.26–1.72, p = 0.02). Results from the mediation analyses revealed a significant total effect between MGMs' E‐DII scores and grandchild's BW. Higher father's and paternal grandmothers' (PGM) E‐DII scores were associated with greater risk of childhood overweight/obesity at 5 years (OR:1.03, 95%CI:1.01–1.19, p = 0.04 and OR:1.07, 95%CI:1.05–1.09, p = 0.01, respectively). The association with the PGMs' E‐DII persisted at age 9 (OR:1.13, 95%CI:1.01–1.90, p = 0.04). Conclusions Dietary inflammation is associated with adverse offspring birth outcomes and childhood adiposity. A more pro‐inflammatory maternal line diet appears to influence early‐life growth, whereas paternal line dietary inflammation appears to influence childhood obesity.