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Vitamin D supplementation trial in infancy: body composition effects at 3 years of age in a prospective follow‐up study from Montréal
Author(s) -
Hazell T. J.,
Gallo S.,
Vanstone C. A.,
Agellon S.,
Rodd C.,
Weiler H. A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
pediatric obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.226
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 2047-6310
pISSN - 2047-6302
DOI - 10.1111/ijpo.12105
Subject(s) - medicine , vitamin d and neurology , anthropometry , lean body mass , composition (language) , body mass index , fat mass , vitamin , prospective cohort study , zoology , physiology , endocrinology , body weight , philosophy , linguistics , biology
Summary Background The impact of vitamin D status on body composition is not well understood. Objectives Evaluate how vitamin D supplementation in infancy affects body composition at 3 years of age. Methods Double‐blind randomized trial of 132, 1‐month‐old healthy, breastfed infants randomly assigned to receive oral vitamin D 3 supplements of 400, 800, 1200 or 1600 IU d −1 for 11 months. In the present analysis, 87 (66%) returned at 3 years of age. Body composition was measured using dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry and plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results Anthropometry, body composition, diet, activity and demographics were similar across dosage groups at 3 years. Mean 25(OH)D concentration from 1 month to 3 years was higher ( P < 0.001) in the 1200 IU group than 800 and 400 IU groups. Children with 25(OH)D concentrations above 75 nmol L −1 had lower fat mass (~450 g; P = 0.049). In multiple linear regression, mean 25(OH)D was associated with lean mass percent ( β = 0.06; CI: 0.00, 0.12; P = 0.042), fat mass ( β = −11.29; CI: −22.06, −0.52; P = 0.048) and body fat percent ( β = −0.06; CI: −0.12, −0.01; P = 0.045). Conclusions Higher vitamin D status from infancy through to 3 years of age associates with leaner body composition.