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“The Evolution of Eyebrow Morphology: The Westmore Model Revisited”
Author(s) -
Jabbour Samer,
Nasr Marwan,
Kechichian Elio,
Aderian Sandrine S.,
Nseir Iad,
Levan Philippe,
Noel Warren
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1365-4632
pISSN - 0011-9059
DOI - 10.1111/ijd.14039
Subject(s) - eyebrow , beauty , medicine , enhanced data rates for gsm evolution , group (periodic table) , computer science , dermatology , surgery , artificial intelligence , aesthetics , art , physics , quantum mechanics
Background The most widely recognized eyebrow model was described by Westmore in 1974. With the rapidly changing concept of beauty, an accurate up‐to‐date model is needed. Methods The Westmore model was tested on fashion models that were randomly selected from the covers of the 1965–1975 (group 1) and 2006–2016 (group 2) Vogue magazine. The eyebrows of fashion models, which represent the beauty ideals of these decades, were objectively measured and compared. We proposed a modified eyebrow model more adapted to the modern standards of beauty, applied it to group 2, and objectively compared it to the Westmore model. This new model was validated on a group of randomly selected Caucasian women. Results Thirty women were included in each group. The medial edge of the eyebrow was better defined by the Westmore model in group 1 compared to group 2. The lateral edge of the eyebrow was better defined by the Westmore model in group 2. The peak of the eyebrow was not well defined by the Westmore model in both groups. The new model was more adapted than the Westmore model for both the medial edge and the peak of the eyebrow in group 2. It was also accurate in non‐model Caucasian women. Conclusion Eyebrow morphology has evolved since the description of the Westmore model. Our model represents a simple way to accurately predict the eyebrow landmarks according to the modern ideals of beauty.