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Staphylococcal enterotoxin B induces specific IgG4 and IgE antibody serum levels in atopic dermatitis
Author(s) -
Orfali Raquel L.,
Sato Maria N.,
Santos Vanessa G.,
Titz Tiago O.,
Brito Cyro A.,
Duarte Alberto J. S.,
Takaoka Roberto,
Aoki Valéria
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
international journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1365-4632
pISSN - 0011-9059
DOI - 10.1111/ijd.12533
Subject(s) - immunoglobulin e , medicine , atopic dermatitis , immunology , antibody , enterotoxin , eczema area and severity index , pathogenesis , subclass , allergy , biology , biochemistry , escherichia coli , gene
Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis ( AD ) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease, with prevalence of about 10–20% in children and 1–3% in adults. S taphylococcus aureus is present in 80–100% of skin from atopic patients and is related to worsening of the disease by the action of enterotoxins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of anti‐ S taphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B ( SEB ) antibody isotypes and IgG subclass levels in adult AD . Methods We selected 38 patients with AD , diagnosed by H anifin and R ajka's criteria, aged between 18 and 65, and 26 healthy controls ( HC ). The severity of the disease was established according to the E czema Area and Severity Index and patients graded as mild (28%), moderate (58%), and severe (14%). Sera were assessed for IgG subclasses, IgA, IgM, and IgE against SEB by ELISA . Results Elevated circulating IgE and IgG4 anti‐ SEB antibody levels associated with decreased IgA and IgM levels were detected in patients with AD , when compared to HC individuals. The severity of AD was related to low IgG1 and IgG3 levels and a high IgE antibody response to SEB . Interestingly, absence of IgG4 response to SEB was lower in patients with AD (2.63%), when compared to controls (34.6%), while a similar absence was detected for IgG1 and IgE antibodies ( AD , 23.3 and 18.4% vs. HC , 38.5 and 19.2%). Conclusion Our findings evidenced a contributing role for IgG4 and IgE antibodies in AD pathogenesis, which are triggered by staphylococcal superantigens.