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Load Characteristics of Lead‐Free Ceramic Multilayer Actuators Based on Bismuth–Sodium–Titanate
Author(s) -
Reichmann Klaus,
Deluca Marco,
Schütz Denis,
Supancic Peter
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of applied ceramic technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1744-7402
pISSN - 1546-542X
DOI - 10.1111/ijac.12220
Subject(s) - materials science , electrostriction , ceramic , composite material , actuator , piezoelectricity , stress (linguistics) , creep , strain (injury) , electric field , electrical engineering , linguistics , philosophy , engineering , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics
The electromechanical behavior of a lead‐free ceramic multilayer actuator is described. The actuator is made of an N d‐doped [ B i 0.500 N a 0.335 K 0.125 L i 0.040 ] T i O 3 ceramic with inner electrodes of an A g/ P d‐alloy. For electromechanical characterization, the actuator is under constant mechanical stress, and the strain over the applied electric field is recorded. The mechanical stress ranges from 0.1 to 80 MPa. The maximum applied electric field is 8 kV/mm. Starting with 0.1 MPa mechanical stress, the actuator exhibits a maximum strain of <0.1%. With increasing stress, the strain increases up to 0.17% at 5 MPa. With higher stress, the strain decreases and reaches 0.125% at 80 MPa. Reducing the mechanical stress leads to a steady increase in strain, which results in a doubling of the strain at 0.1 MPa compared with the initial value. The strain characteristic contains an electrostrictive part, a linear piezoelectric regime, and some creep behavior.