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Salivary gland homogenates from wild‐caught sand flies Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and Lutzomyia (Psychodopygus) complexus showed inhibitory effects on Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infection in BALB /c mice
Author(s) -
Francesquini Fernanda C.,
Silveira Fernando T.,
Passero Luiz Felipe D.,
Tomokane Thaise Y.,
Carvalho Ana Kely,
Corbett Carlos Eduardo P.,
Laurenti Márcia D.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of experimental pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.671
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1365-2613
pISSN - 0959-9673
DOI - 10.1111/iep.12104
Subject(s) - leishmania , biology , cutaneous leishmaniasis , leishmania braziliensis , leishmaniasis , parasite hosting , infectivity , microbiology and biotechnology , parasite load , saliva , amastigote , vector (molecular biology) , salivary gland , immune system , virology , immunology , recombinant dna , virus , gene , biochemistry , world wide web , computer science
Summary During the natural transmission of Leishmania parasites, the infected sand fly female regurgitates promastigotes into the host's skin together with its saliva. It has been reported that vector saliva contains immunomodulatory molecules that facilitate the establishment of infection. Thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the specificity of Lutzomyia (Lu.) flaviscutellata and Lu. (Psychodopygus) complexus salivas on the infectivity of Leishmania (L.) ( Leishmania ) amazonensis and L . ( Viannia ) braziliensis , respectively. BALB /c mice were inoculated into the skin of hind footpad with L . (L . ) amazonensis and L . (V . ) braziliensis promastigotes in the absence or presence of Lu. flaviscutellata and Lu. (P.) complexus salivary gland homogenates ( SGH s). The evolution of the infection was evaluated by lesion size, histopathological analysis and determination of the parasite load in the skin biopsies collected from the site of infection at 4 and 8 weeks PI . The lesion size and the parasite load of both groups of mice infected in the presence of SGH s were smaller than the control groups. The histopathological features showed that the inflammatory reaction was less prominent in the groups of mice infected in the presence of both SGH s when compared to the control group. The results showed that the presence of SGH s of Lu. flaviscutellata and Lu. (P.) complexus led to induction of processes that were disadvantageous to parasite establishment during infection by L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (V.) braziliensis . An inhibitory effect on Leishmania infection could be observed in both groups inoculated with SGH s, especially when the SGH from Lu. (P.) complexus was used.