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Calcium chloride‐enriched calcium aluminate cement promotes in vitro osteogenesis
Author(s) -
CastroRaucci L. M. S.,
Teixeira L. N.,
Barbosa A. F. S.,
Fernandes R. R.,
RaucciNeto W.,
Jacobovitz M.,
Oliveira I. R.,
de Oliveira P. T.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/iej.12883
Subject(s) - calcium , aluminate , chemistry , apoptosis , viability assay , mineralization (soil science) , chloride , nuclear chemistry , cement , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , materials science , biology , metallurgy , organic chemistry , nitrogen
Aim To evaluate the effects of 2.8% or 10% calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) in calcium aluminate cement (CAC) with either bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) or zinc oxide (ZnO) as radiopacifiers on the progression of osteogenic cell cultures. Methodology Rat calvaria‐derived cells were grown on Thermanox ® coverslips for 24 h and exposed to samples of (i) CAC b: with 2.8% CaCl 2 and 25% Bi 2 O 3 ; (ii) CAC b+: with 10% CaCl 2 and 25% Bi 2 O 3 ; (iii) CAC z: with 2.8% CaCl 2 and 25% ZnO; or (iv) CAC z+: with 10% CaCl 2 and 25% ZnO, placed on inserts. Nonexposed cultures served as the control. Calcium and phosphorus contents in culture media were quantified. The effects of the cements on cell apoptosis, cell viability and acquisition of the osteogenic cell phenotype were evaluated. Data were compared by Kruskal–Wallis test (α = 5%). Results CAC b+ promoted the highest levels of calcium in the culture media; CAC z+, the lowest levels of phosphorus ( P < 0.05). CAC z+ and CAC b increased cell apoptosis ( P < 0.05). CAC b reduced cell viability ( P < 0.05) and the expression of the osteoblastic phenotype. CAC z+ and CAC b+ promoted greater cell differentiation and matrix mineralization compared to CAC z and CAC b ( P < 0.05). Conclusion For CAC with the lower CaCl 2 content, the use of Bi 2 O 3 was detrimental for osteoblastic cell survival and differentiation compared to ZnO, while CAC with the higher CaCl 2 content supported the acquisition of the osteogenic cell phenotype in vitro regardless of the radiopacifier used. Thus, CAC with 10% CaCl 2 would potentially promote bone repair in the context of endodontic therapies.