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Antibacterial, physicochemical and mechanical properties of endodontic sealers containing quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Barros J.,
Silva M. G.,
Rodrigues M. A.,
Alves F. R. F.,
Lopes M. A.,
PinaVaz I.,
Siqueira J. F.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/iej.12207
Subject(s) - zeta potential , antibacterial activity , polyethylenimine , enterococcus faecalis , root canal , materials science , nuclear chemistry , nanoparticle , ammonium , chemistry , dentistry , bacteria , nanotechnology , escherichia coli , medicine , organic chemistry , biochemistry , transfection , biology , gene , genetics
Aim To evaluate the antibacterial, physicochemical and mechanical properties of two endodontic sealers incorporating quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine ( QPEI ) nanoparticles at concentrations of 1% and 2% (w/w). Methodology The sealers tested were AH P lus and P ulp C anal S ealer EWT in the commercial unmodified form or containing 1% or 2% QPEI . Antibacterial activity was evaluated using a direct contact test ( DCT ) against E nterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and two endodontic isolates ( RW 35 and RN 44). Sealers freshly mixed or set for 7 days were exposed to bacterial suspensions for 10, 30 and 60 min. Setting time, flow test, solubility, apparent porosity, dimensional change following setting, wettability, zeta potential and compressive strength were assessed according to the International S tandard O rganization 6876:2001 ( ISO 6876). Results DCT results revealed that both freshly prepared sealers had antibacterial effects unaffected by QPEI incorporation. Both unmodified sealers had lost much of their antibacterial effects after 7 days. However, for P ulp C anal S ealer EWT incorporated with 1% and 2% QPEI nanoparticles, the antibacterial effects against all test E . faecalis strains within 30 and 60 min of contact were significantly greater than the unmodified formula. Addition of QPEI resulted in no significant increase in the antibacterial effects of AH P lus after ageing. As for physicochemical and mechanical tests, setting time, wettability and zeta potential were influenced by the presence of QPEI nanoparticles. Conclusion Incorporation of QPEI nanoparticles can improve the long‐term antibacterial activity of P ulp C anal S ealer EWT without relevant changes in physicochemical and mechanical properties.