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Biofilm removal by 6% sodium hypochlorite activated by different irrigation techniques
Author(s) -
OrdinolaZapata R.,
Bramante C. M.,
Aprecio R. M.,
Handysides R.,
Jaramillo D. E.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/iej.12202
Subject(s) - sodium hypochlorite , irrigation , distilled water , root canal , dentistry , materials science , biofilm , photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine , biomedical engineering , chemistry , medicine , biology , agronomy , chromatography , optics , genetics , physics , organic chemistry , bacteria
Aim To compare the removal of biofilm utilizing four irrigation techniques on a bovine root canal model. Methodology Fifty dentine specimens (2 × 2 mm) were infected with biofilm. The samples were then adapted to previously created cavities in the bovine model. The root canals were irrigated twice with 2 mL of 6% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min (4 min total). Following initial irrigation, the different treatment modalities were introduced for 60 s (3 × 20 s intervals). The evaluated techniques were needle irrigation, Endoactivator (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK, USA), passive ultrasonic irrigation and laser‐activated irrigation (photon‐induced photoacoustic streaming). The controls were irrigated with distilled water and conventional needle irrigation. Subsequently, the dentine samples were separated from the model and analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fifteen operative fields were scanned per block, and SEM pictures were captured. Two calibrated evaluators examined the images and collected data using a four‐degree scale. Nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for statistical significance amongst the groups. Results The group undergoing laser‐activated irrigation using photon‐induced photoacoustic streaming exhibited the most favourable results in the removal of biofilm. Passive ultrasonic irrigation scores were significantly lower than both the Endoactivator and needle irrigation scores. Sonic and needle irrigation were not significantly different. The least favourable results were found in the control group. Conclusions Laser activation of 6% sodium hypochlorite significantly improved the cleaning of biofilm‐infected dentine followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation.