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Expression of CX 3 CL 1 and its receptor, CX 3 CR 1, in the development of periapical lesions
Author(s) -
Wang L.,
Sun Z.,
Liu L.,
Peng B.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international endodontic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.988
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1365-2591
pISSN - 0143-2885
DOI - 10.1111/iej.12143
Subject(s) - apical foramen , immunostaining , immunohistochemistry , staining , lesion , pathology , pulp (tooth) , chemistry , immunofluorescence , positive staining , molar , pathogenesis , medicine , connective tissue , pulpitis , dentistry , antibody , root canal , immunology
Aim To investigate the expression of CX 3 CL 1 and its receptor, CX 3 CR 1, in the development of periapical lesions induced in rats and explore the possible role of these substances in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions. Methodology Periapical lesions in mandibular first molar teeth were established in 30 rats following pulp exposure to the oral environment. The animals were killed 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days after lesion induction. The development of periapical lesions was investigated by histological and enzyme histochemical examination. The distributions of CX 3 CL 1 and CX 3 CR 1 in the periapical tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Osteoclasts and CX 3 CL 1‐positive cells were counted in each specimen. The data were then analysed by one‐way anova using the SPSS 13.0 statistical package. Results The lesions expanded from days 0 to 14 and stabilized thereafter. Where expansion of the periapical lesion was most evident, numerous CX 3 CL 1‐positive cells were observed around the apical foramen and adjacent periapical areas. From days 21 to 42, subjacent connective tissues presented intense CX 3 CL 1 immunostaining in inflammatory cells with different morphologies, such as round, oval and fibroblastic. The number of CX 3 CL 1‐positive cells increased from days 7 to 28, but decreased on day 42 post‐operation. Double immunofluorescence staining showed CX 3 CL 1‐ and CX 3 CR 1‐positive cells around periapical lesions surrounding the apical foramen. Most CX 3 CL 1‐positive cells were mononuclear in nature, which suggests the presence of macrophages, infiltrating neutrophils and lymphocytes, and overlapped with CX 3 CR 1‐positive cells. Conclusions CX 3 CL 1 and CX 3 CR 1 are related to the development of periapical lesions. The chemokine and its receptor may be involved in the progression of tissue destruction, including bone resorption, during periapical inflammation.