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Oxidative stress – a key emerging impact factor in health, ageing, lifestyle and aesthetics
Author(s) -
Kandola K.,
Bowman A.,
BirchMachin M. A.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
international journal of cosmetic science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1468-2494
pISSN - 0142-5463
DOI - 10.1111/ics.12287
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , reactive oxygen species , mitochondrion , antioxidant , microbiology and biotechnology , oxidative phosphorylation , chemistry , programmed cell death , superoxide , ageing , free radical theory of aging , mitochondrial ros , radical , biochemistry , biology , apoptosis , enzyme , genetics
Oxidative stress is the resultant damage that arises due to redox imbalances, more specifically an increase in destructive free radicals and reduction in protection from antioxidants and the antioxidant defence pathways. Oxidation of lipids by reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) can damage cellular structures and result in premature cell death. At low levels, ROS ‐induced oxidative stress can be prevented through the action of antioxidants, however, when ROS are present in excess, inflammation and cytotoxicity eventually results leading to cellular oxidative stress damage. Increasing evidence for the role of oxidative stress in various diseases including neurological, dermatological, and cardiovascular diseases is now emerging. Mitochondria are the principal source (90%) of ROS in the cell, with superoxide radicals being generated when molecular oxygen is combined with free electrons. Given the key role of mitochondria in the generation of cellular oxidative stress it is worth considering this organelle and the process in more detail and to provide methods of intervention.