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Exogenous connective tissue growth factor preserves the hair‐inductive ability of human dermal papilla cells
Author(s) -
Zhang P.,
Ravuri S. K.,
Wang J.,
Marra K. G.,
Kling R. E.,
Chai J.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
international journal of cosmetic science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1468-2494
pISSN - 0142-5463
DOI - 10.1111/ics.12146
Subject(s) - dermal papillae , connective tissue , growth factor , hair growth , major duodenal papilla , microbiology and biotechnology , human skin , biology , anatomy , hair follicle , biochemistry , receptor , physiology , genetics
Synopsis Objective Dermal papilla cells are required for inducing epithelial stem cells during hair morphogenesis and regeneration. Adult human dermal papilla cells lose their hair‐inductive capacity after several in vitro culture passages. Maintaining the hair‐inductive capacity of adult human dermal papilla cells is an obstacle that needs to be overcome to realize tissue‐engineered hair follicles. We hypothesized that connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF ), a fibrogenic factor known to influence W nt, BMP and TGF ‐ β , could influence key signalling pathways in human dermal papilla cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous connective tissue growth factor on cultured human dermal papilla cells. Methods Adult human dermal papilla cells were isolated and cultured in the presence of CTGF (20 or 40 ng mL −1 ). Human dermal papilla cells positivity was determined using the alkaline phosphatase immunofluorescence. After treatment with CTGF , the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells was assessed. The presence of connective tissue growth factor in human dermal papilla cells was identified by immunofluorescence. The α ‐smooth muscle actin protein expression was evaluated by W estern blot. Gene expression profile of W nt, BMP and TGF ‐ β signalling pathways as well as alkaline phosphatase and versican activity, were determined using real‐time RT ‐ PCR . Results Connective tissue growth factor reduced proliferation rate of cultured human dermal papilla cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Exogenous connective tissue growth factor increased the expression of cytoplasmic connective tissue growth factor, and increased m RNA expression of alkaline phosphatase and β ‐catenin, BMP 2 and TGF ‐ β 2 in human dermal papilla cells. Versican m RNA level was suppressed and a small increase in α ‐smooth muscle actin protein expression was observed. Conclusion Exogenous connective tissue growth factor can preserve the innate hair‐inductive ability of adult human dermal papilla cells in vitro cultures, which is controlled through the Wnt, BMP and TGF ‐ β signalling pathways.