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Efficient sweat reduction of three different antiperspirant application forms during stress‐induced sweating
Author(s) -
SchmidtRose T.,
Lehmbeck F.,
Bürger A.,
Windisch B.,
Keyhani R.,
Max H.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of cosmetic science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1468-2494
pISSN - 0142-5463
DOI - 10.1111/ics.12086
Subject(s) - sweat , trier social stress test , perspiration , sweat test , axilla , emotional stress , stress (linguistics) , medicine , chemistry , fight or flight response , biochemistry , linguistics , philosophy , cancer , psychiatry , breast cancer , gene
Synopsis Objectives Stress sweating can occur in everyday situations independently of thermally‐induced perspiration. It is triggered by emotionally challenging situations and leads to underarm wetness and a characteristic unpleasant malodor. In this study, we aimed to determine the long‐term efficacy of three unperfumed antiperspirant ( AP ) formulas for different application forms (roll‐on, stick, aerosol) against stress‐induced sweating and malodor formation. Methods We utilized the widely accepted Trier Social Stress Test ( TSST ) to induce psychosocial stress in female and male volunteers (18 – 40 years) and determined physiological stress parameters. To additionally assess the efficacy of the test AP roll‐on against thermally‐induced sweating, a hot room study was performed. Results Increasing heart rates and an augmentation of saliva cortisol levels during the TSST indicated a substantial stress reaction which was paralleled by a pronounced sweat production in the untreated axillae of both males and females. Forty‐eight hours after application, all three test AP s significantly decreased the amount of sweat in the treated axillae independent of gender. With respect to AP effects on malodor production, trained sniffers assessed sweat samples collected during the TSST from the untreated axillae as significantly more malodorous than comparable samples from the AP ‐treated axillae. Also, independent of gender the test AP roll‐on significantly decreased the thermally‐induced sweat in the AP ‐treated axilla. Conclusion We show for the first time a highly effective reduction of emotionally‐induced axillary sweating and malodor production for three different application forms 48 h after the last product use. The specially developed roll‐on, stick, and aerosol AP provide long‐term protection against stress‐induced sweat which is of high relevance in everyday life.