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Investigation on the use of expired make‐up and microbiological contamination of mascaras
Author(s) -
Giacomel C. B.,
Dartora G.,
Dienfethaeler H. S.,
Haas S. E.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
international journal of cosmetic science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.532
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1468-2494
pISSN - 0142-5463
DOI - 10.1111/ics.12053
Subject(s) - contamination , mascara , expiration date , medicine , vial , toxicology , food science , biology , surgery , chemistry , ecology
Synopsis Objectives This study investigated the habits of female students regarding make‐up use, and quantifies the microbiological contamination of mascaras worn by this population. Methods To this end, 44 students answered a structured questionnaire to evaluate the use of expired make‐up, shared usage and reports of adverse effects. Subsequently, make‐up samples were collected to check the manufacturing registration and the expiration date and its visibility on the label. The total counts of microorganisms and identification of P seudomonas aeruginosa and S taphylococcus aureus in mascara samples collected were performed as described in the B razilian P harmacopea (4th edition) Results According to the results obtained, 97.9 % (43/44) of participants reported that they use or have previously used make‐up after the expiration date, with mascara being the most frequently mentioned product. It was observed that on the sample collection date, 70.5% (31/44) of the students had some type of expired make‐up. The microbiological analysis of 40 mascara samples revealed 2.54 ± 1.76 10 4 UFC mL −1 bacteria and 2.55 ± 1.54 10 4 UFC mL −1 fungi. Analysis revealed the presence of S . aureus in 79% of samples and of P . aeruginosa in 13%. Conclusion The results are interesting because they show that women tend to continue to use make‐up beyond the expiry date. Frequently, these products have a high level of contamination with pathogenic microorganisms.