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First record of microsporophyll genus Caytonanthus Thomas from Early Cretaceous beds of South Rewa Gondwana Basin, India: Its evolutionary and palaeogeographical significance
Author(s) -
Prakash Neeru,
Das Neelam
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
island arc
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.554
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1440-1738
pISSN - 1038-4871
DOI - 10.1111/iar.12163
Subject(s) - gondwana , cretaceous , genus , mesozoic , paleozoic , paleontology , geology , fern , vegetation (pathology) , structural basin , ecology , biology , medicine , pathology
Pteridosperms (seed ferns) are an extinct group of large and diverse plants. They were dominant elements during Palaeozoic and were also an important component in the Mesozoic vegetation but declined globally in the Cretaceous time with the radiation of angiosperms. The order Caytoniales of Mesozoic pteridosperm is an extinct group of seed ferns in the vegetation. They thrived for about 100 million years from the Late Triassic to the Late Cretaceous. Although they never attained dominant status, their rare occurrence in the vegetation is quite important and fascinating. For this extinct group of seed fern, Thomas ([Thomas H. H., 1925]) erected a new order Caytoniales which includes three organ genera Caytonia (megasporophyll), Caytonanthus (microsporophyll) and Sagenopteris (leaves) . This paper is aimed to document first record of microsporophyll genus Caytonanthus, obtained from the Lower Cretaceous beds of the South Rewa Gondwana Basin of the Indian Peninsula. Its morpho‐characters, palaeogeographic distribution, along with its plausible southern origin through ancestral group like Glossopteridales, are surmised here.