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Peripheral artery disease in HIV ‐infected older adults on antiretroviral treatment in Thailand
Author(s) -
Aurpibul L,
Sugandhavesa P,
Srithanaviboonchai K,
Sitthi W,
Tangmunkongvorakul A,
Chariyalertsak C,
Rerkasem K
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
hiv medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.53
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1468-1293
pISSN - 1464-2662
DOI - 10.1111/hiv.12671
Subject(s) - medicine , body mass index , population , disease , viral load , cross sectional study , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , young adult , immunology , pathology , environmental health
Objectives HIV infection has become a chronic disease requiring long‐term treatment. Premature cardiovascular disease resulting from atherosclerosis in the HIV ‐infected population has been observed. We assessed the prevalence of peripheral artery disease ( PAD ), a common consequence of atherosclerosis, in HIV ‐infected patients aged ≥ 50 years receiving antiretroviral treatment ( ART ). Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted in 12 community hospitals in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age ≥ 50 years, (2) positive HIV status, and (3) currently receiving ART . Age‐ and sex‐matched hospital patients without documented HIV infection were enrolled as a comparison group. Clinical data were extracted from hospital records. Personal information and details of PAD ‐related symptoms were obtained through face‐to‐face interviews. The diagnosis of PAD was made using ankle‐brachial index ( ABI ) measurement. Results Seven hundred and twenty‐four participants were enrolled in the study (362 HIV ‐infected patients and 362 patients in the comparison group). In the HIV ‐infected group, 43% were male; the mean (± standard deviation) age was 57.8 ± 5.6 years. The mean (± standard deviation) times from HIV diagnosis and ART initiation were 10.0 ± 4.3 and 8.6 ± 3.5 years, respectively. The prevalence of abnormal ABI (< 1.00) was significantly lower in the HIV ‐infected group than in the comparison group (20 versus 27%, respectively; P = 0.03), while that of PAD ( ABI ≤ 0.90) was not significantly different between the two groups (5 and 7%, respectively). In the HIV ‐infected group, female sex and low body mass index were independently associated with abnormal ABI . Conclusions The prevalence of PAD when measured by ABI in HIV ‐infected older adults was relatively low. A follow‐up study to determine the incidence of PAD and its persistence with time is warranted.