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Prevalence and risk factors of measles seronegativity in a cohort of HIV ‐positive subjects: a retrospective study
Author(s) -
Dauby N,
Martin C,
Hainaut M,
Grammens T,
Van den Wijngaert S,
Delforge M,
De Wit S
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
hiv medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.53
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1468-1293
pISSN - 1464-2662
DOI - 10.1111/hiv.12610
Subject(s) - medicine , measles , serology , odds ratio , cohort , immunology , logistic regression , cohort study , confidence interval , measles vaccine , rubella , transmission (telecommunications) , vaccination , antibody , electrical engineering , engineering
Objectives Measles infection is a vaccine‐preventable disease currently resurging in Europe. HIV ‐infected subjects are at higher risk of complications following measles infection. We investigated the risk factors associated with being seronegative in a cohort of HIV ‐infected subjects. Methods All HIV ‐infected subjects in our cohort who had a measles serological test performed between December 2005 and May 2017 were retrospectively identified. A measles immunoglobulin G (IgG) titre > 275 mIU /mL was considered protective. Risk factors were analysed using logistic regression. Results Measles serology was available in 273 of 3124 subjects in active follow‐up (8.7%). The prevalence of measles seronegativity was 21.6% (59 of 273). In the univariate analysis, being born after 1970 and HIV infection by vertical transmission were both associated with a higher risk of measles seronegativity, while a nadir CD 4 T‐cell count < 200 cells/ μ L was associated with a lower risk of measles seronegativity. In the multivariate analysis, only being born after 1970 [odds ratio ( OR ) 4.9; 95% confidence interval ( CI ) 1.3–18.7] and vertical transmission ( OR 7.7; 95% CI 3.3–18.3) were significantly associated with seronegativity. Among the vertically infected subjects with measles‐mumps‐rubella ( MMR ) immunization documentation, the median number of doses of vaccine received before testing was 2 (range 1–3). Conclusions HIV ‐infected subjects born after 1970 and vertically infected subjects should be screened for measles seropositivity.