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PD‐L1 expression and infiltration by CD4 + and FoxP3 + T cells are increased in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma and indicate poor prognosis
Author(s) -
Lee Hyun J,
Shin Dong H,
Lee Yeon J,
Lee So J,
Hwang Chung S,
Kim Ahrong,
Park Won Y,
Lee Jung H,
Choi Kyung U,
Kim Jee Y,
Lee Chang H,
Sol Mee Y,
Park Sung W
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.14047
Subject(s) - renal cell carcinoma , chromophobe cell , foxp3 , nephrectomy , cancer research , immunohistochemistry , cd8 , immune system , biology , medicine , pathology , clear cell , oncology , immunology , kidney
Aims Interaction between programmed death‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD‐1) on T cells inactivates antitumour immune responses. PD‐L1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and predicts adverse outcome. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of PD‐L1 expression and the immune microenvironment on the clinical outcome in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) and, therefore, their potential relevance as prognostic biomarkers. Methods and results The present retrospective analysis investigated expression of PD‐L1 and immune cells CD8, CD4, CD3, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and PD‐1 in TRCC compared to other types of RCC. FFPE specimens were collected between 2011 and 2017 from 311 patients who underwent nephrectomy at our institution for RCC. Specimens were immunostained for PD‐L1, CD8, CD4, CD3, FoxP3 and PD‐1, and an outcome analysis was conducted. PD‐L1 expression rate was highest in TRCC (68%, 16 of 25), followed by mucinous tubular and spindle cell RCC and collecting duct carcinoma (33%, one of three), papillary RCC (27%, seven of 26), clear cell RCC (16%, 29 of 233), chromophobe RCC (11%, two of 18) and multilocular cystic RCC (0%, none of three). In TRCC, PD‐L1 expression was associated with poor recurrence‐free survival (RFS) ( P = 0.041). The CD4 high and FoxP3 high groups showed a significantly shorter RFS ( P = 0.05 and P = 0.031, respectively) compared to CD4 low and FOXP low groups. Conclusion PD‐L1 expression was higher in TRCC than in other types of RCC. High PD‐L1 tumour cell expression and tumour infiltration by CD4 + and FoxP3 + immune cells were associated with poor RFS in TRCC.