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Practical roles for molecular diagnostic testing in ovarian adult granulosa cell tumour, Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour, microcystic stromal tumour and their mimics
Author(s) -
Rabban Joseph T,
Karnezis Anthony N,
Devine W Patrick
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.13978
Subject(s) - stromal cell , leydig cell , pathological , sertoli cell , genetic testing , medicine , pathology , brca2 protein , cancer research , biology , mutation , bioinformatics , germline mutation , hormone , genetics , gene , luteinizing hormone , spermatogenesis
Within the last decade, molecular advances have provided insights into the genetics of several ovarian sex cord–stromal tumours that have otherwise been enigmatic. Chief among these advances are the identification of FOXL2 , DICER1 and CTNNB1 mutations in adult granulosa cell tumours, Sertoli–Leydig cell tumours (SLCTs), and microcystic stromal tumours (MCSTs), respectively. As access to molecular diagnostic laboratories continues to become more widely available, the potential roles for tumour mutation testing in the pathological diagnosis of these tumours merit discussion. Furthermore, links to inherited cancer susceptibility syndromes may exist for some women with SLCT (DICER1 syndrome) and MCST [familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)]. This review will address practical issues in deciding when and how to apply mutation testing in the diagnosis of these three sex cord–stromal tumours. The pathologist's role in recommending referral for formal risk assessment for DICER1 syndrome and FAP will also be discussed.