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Germ cell neoplasia in situ ( GCNIS ): evolution of the current nomenclature for testicular pre‐invasive germ cell malignancy
Author(s) -
Berney Daniel M,
Looijenga Leendert H J,
Idrees Muhammad,
Oosterhuis J Wolter,
RajpertDe Meyts Ewa,
Ulbright Thomas M,
Skakkebaek Niels E
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.12958
Subject(s) - germ cell , malignancy , carcinoma in situ , germ , germ cell tumors , biology , in situ , cell , pathology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , carcinoma , genetics , chemotherapy , gene , organic chemistry
The pre‐invasive lesion associated with post‐pubertal malignant germ cell tumours of the testis was first recognized in the early 1970s and confirmed by a number of observational and follow‐up studies. Until this year, this scientific story has been confused by resistance to the entity and disagreement on its name. Initially termed ‘carcinoma in situ ’ ( CIS ), it has also been known as ‘intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified’ ( IGCNU ) and ‘testicular intraepithelial neoplasia’ ( TIN ). In this paper, we review the history of discovery and controversy concerning these names and introduce the reasoning for uniting behind a new name, endorsed unanimously at the World Health Organization ( WHO ) consensus classification 2016: germ cell neoplasia in situ ( GCNIS ).