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Pathology of the liver sinusoids
Author(s) -
Brunt Elizabeth M,
Gouw Annette S H,
Hubscher Stefan G,
Tiniakos Dina G,
Bedossa Pierre,
Burt Alastair D,
Callea Francesco,
Clouston Andrew D,
Dienes Hans P,
Goodman Zachary D,
Roberts Eve A,
Roskams Tania,
Terracciano Luigi,
Torbenson Michael S,
Wanless Ian R
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.12364
Subject(s) - sinusoid , perisinusoidal space , pathology , hepatic stellate cell , inferior vena cava , porta hepatis , fibrous capsule of glisson , artery , medicine , blood flow , parenchyma , portal circulation , portal venous pressure , biology , hepatocyte , anatomy , portal hypertension , cirrhosis , biochemistry , in vitro
The hepatic sinusoids comprise a complex of vascular conduits to transport blood from the porta hepatis to the inferior vena cava through the liver. Under normal conditions, portal venous and hepatic artery pressures are equalized within the sinusoids, oxygen and nutrients from the systemic circulation are delivered to the parenchymal cells and differentially distributed throughout the liver acini, and proteins of liver derivation are carried into the cardiac/systemic circulation. Liver sinusoid structures are lined by endothelial cells unique to their location, and Kupffer cells. Multifunctional hepatic stellate cells and various immune active cells are localized within the space of Disse between the sinusoid and the adjacent hepatocytes. Flow within the sinusoids can be compromised by physical or pressure blockage in their lumina as well as obstructive processes within the space of Disse. The intimate relationship of the liver sinusoids to neighbouring hepatocytes is a significant factor affecting the health of hepatocytes, or transmission of the effects of injury within the sinusoidal space. Pathologists should recognize several patterns of injury involving the sinusoids and surrounding hepatocytes. In this review, injury, alterations and accumulations within the liver sinusoids are illustrated and discussed.