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Differential gene hypermethylation in genital lichen sclerosus and cancer: a comparative study
Author(s) -
GuerreroSetas David,
PérezJanices Noemí,
Ojer Amaya,
BlancoFernandez Laura,
GuarchTroyas Carmen,
Guarch Rosa
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.12204
Subject(s) - penile cancer , dna methylation , lichen sclerosus , medicine , vulvar cancer , cancer , carcinogenesis , methylation , pathology , cancer research , biology , gene , gene expression , biochemistry
Aims Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the genital skin of unknown aetiology. The role of LS in penile squamous cell carcinogenesis is not well characterized. HPV has been implicated in both, as have epigenetic changes. The presence of HPV and hypermethylation of the MGMT , p16 , RASSF 1 , RASSF 2 , TSLC 1 and TSP 1 genes were studied in penile LS ; MGMT , RASSF 2 and TSLC 1 hypermethylation in penile cancer and TSLC 1 hypermethylation in vulvar LS and cancer extends previous results reported by our group. Methods and results Thirty‐seven HPV genotypes and hypermethylation were evaluated by PCR /reverse‐line‐blot and methylation‐specific PCR respectively, in 27 preputial LS , 24 penile SCC , 30 vulvar SCC , 21 vulvar LS and 22 normal skin cases. HPV 66 was present in 3.7% of penile LS cases, and p16 and RASSF 2 hypermethylation were more frequent in penile cancer than in penile LS . p16 , RASSF 1 , RASSF 2 and TSP 1 hypermethylation were similar in penile and vulvar LS . Conclusions Gene hypermethylation is a common event in penile LS , and occurs approximately as frequently as in vulvar LS . Certain genes can be hypermethylated as an early or late event in LS or cancer, respectively. This suggests a possible sequential role for these alterations in the transition from benign to malignant lesions.