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Molecular pathology of endometrial carcinoma
Author(s) -
MatiasGuiu Xavier,
Prat Jaime
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
histopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.626
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1365-2559
pISSN - 0309-0167
DOI - 10.1111/his.12053
Subject(s) - microsatellite instability , pten , carcinoma , endometrial cancer , cancer research , molecular pathology , biology , pathology , cancer , medicine , oncology , gene , microsatellite , genetics , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , apoptosis , allele
This review paper discusses the main molecular alterations of endometrial carcinoma, the most common cancer of the female genital tract. Two clinicopathological variants are recognized: the oestrogen‐related (type I, endometrioid carcinoma) and the non‐oestrogen‐related (type II , non‐endometrioid carcinoma). Whereas type I shows microsatellite instability and mutations in PTEN , PIK 3 CA , K‐ RAS and CTNNB 1 (beta‐catenin), type II exhibits TP 53 mutations and chromosomal instability. Recent investigations regarding the role of non‐coding RNA have provided important information regarding tumour progression. Understanding pathogenesis at the molecular level is essential for identifying biomarkers of potential use in targeted therapies.