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Longitudinal Impact of Parent Factors in Adolescents With Migraine and Tension‐Type Headache
Author(s) -
Law Emily F.,
Blume Heidi,
Palermo Tonya M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
headache: the journal of head and face pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.14
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1526-4610
pISSN - 0017-8748
DOI - 10.1111/head.13939
Subject(s) - migraine , medicine , longitudinal study , aura , neurology , cohort study , prospective cohort study , cohort , physical therapy , clinical psychology , psychiatry , pathology
Objective To examine longitudinal associations between parent factors (parent headache frequency and disability, protective parenting behaviors, parent catastrophizing) with adolescent headache‐related disability and headache frequency over 6 months. Background Theoretical models propose bidirectional, longitudinal relationships between parent factors and adolescent headache. Few studies have examined this using prospective study designs. Design and Methods Participants were a cohort of 239 youth ages 11‐17 years with recurrent migraine (with and without aura; chronic migraine) or tension‐type headache (episodic and chronic) and their parents recruited from a pediatric neurology clinic and the community who completed assessments at baseline and 6‐month follow‐up. Results After controlling for demographic and clinical covariates, we found that every point increase in baseline protective parenting behavior corresponded with a 2.19‐point increase in adolescent headache frequency at follow‐up ( P = .026, 95% CI [0.27, 4.10]). Similarly, every point increase in baseline parent catastrophizing corresponded with a 0.93‐point increase in adolescent headache‐related disability ( P = .029, 95% CI [0.09, 1.77]) and a .13‐point increase in adolescent headache frequency ( P = .042, 95% CI [0.01, 0.25]) at follow‐up. We also found support for the reverse association, where every point increase in baseline adolescent headache‐related disability predicted a 0.03‐point increase in parent catastrophizing ( P = .016, 95% CI [0.01, 0.05]) and a 0.02‐point increase in protective parenting behavior ( P = .009, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]) at follow‐up. The remaining bidirectional, longitudinal associations tested between parent factors and adolescent headache were not statistically significant. Conclusion Findings suggest that family‐based psychological interventions targeting modifiable adolescent and parent factors may lead to improvements in adolescent headache‐related disability and reductions in adolescent headache frequency.