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Trigger Factors and Premonitory Features of Migraine Attacks: Summary of Studies
Author(s) -
Pavlovic Jelena M.,
Buse Dawn C.,
Sollars C. Mark,
Haut Sheryl,
Lipton Richard B.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
headache: the journal of head and face pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.14
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1526-4610
pISSN - 0017-8748
DOI - 10.1111/head.12468
Subject(s) - migraine , medicine , retrospective cohort study , intensive care medicine , psychiatry
Objective In this second of a 2‐part series, we review the available literature on trigger factors and premonitory features in migraine. Background In the absence of biological markers of preceding attacks of migraine, trigger factors and premonitory symptoms are valuable though methodologically challenging phenomena to study. Design/Methods We focus on selected studies of retrospective surveys, diary studies, and clinical trials. We review the heterogeneity of selected studies and their conclusions performed to date and highlight that prospective electronic diary studies provide most reliable information that can be used for future development of preemptive therapy. Conclusion We conclude that trigger factors and premonitory symptoms are very common, but that the frequency estimates vary widely based on the study approach and population. We recommend that multimodal approaches are necessary for the comprehensive study of predictive biophenotypes as determined by triggers and premonitory symptoms, including retrospective and prospective cohort studies and case‐crossover studies.