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Hypnic Headache
Author(s) -
LanteriMinet Michel
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
headache: the journal of head and face pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.14
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1526-4610
pISSN - 0017-8748
DOI - 10.1111/head.12447
Subject(s) - medicine , pediatrics , international classification of headache disorders , headache disorders , primary headache , migraine , psychiatry
Background Hypnic headache ( HH ) is a rare primary headache characterized by strictly sleep‐related headache attacks. Methods This paper reviews the pertinent literature on HH. Results Disease information is mainly based on case reports and small case series (around 250 cases) published since its first description in 1988 by R askin. HH usually starts over the age of 50. Frequency of patients with HH among patients consulting tertiary headache care centers is estimated from 0.07% to 0.35%, but exact prevalence of HH is unknown. Diagnostic criteria were recently updated by the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders beta version ( ICHD ‐3). Recent data suggest a possible hypothalamic involvement. Conclusion Development of clinical research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of HH and to optimize treatment. Evidence for treatment data are missing, so treatment recommendations are based only on case reports or smaller open case series and reflect clinical experience. Caffeine can be used first line for acute treatment. Lithium and caffeine are possibly effective in prevention.