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Diverse fission yeast genes required for responding to oxidative and metal stress: Comparative analysis of glutathione‐related and other defense gene deletions
Author(s) -
Pluskal Tomáš,
Sajiki Kenichi,
Becker Joanne,
Takeda Kojiro,
Yanagida Mitsuhiro
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
genes to cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.912
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1365-2443
pISSN - 1356-9597
DOI - 10.1111/gtc.12359
Subject(s) - schizosaccharomyces pombe , biology , superoxide dismutase , gpx1 , oxidative stress , glutathione , sod2 , reactive oxygen species , biochemistry , gene , schizosaccharomyces , glutathione synthetase , genetics , catalase , enzyme , mutant , glutathione peroxidase
Living organisms have evolved multiple sophisticated mechanisms to deal with reactive oxygen species. We constructed a collection of twelve single‐gene deletion strains of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe designed for the study of oxidative and heavy metal stress responses. This collection contains deletions of biosynthetic enzymes of glutathione ( Δgcs1 and Δgsa1 ), phytochelatin ( Δpcs2 ), ubiquinone ( Δabc1 ) and ergothioneine ( Δegt1 ), as well as catalase ( Δctt1 ), thioredoxins ( Δtrx1 and Δtrx2 ), Cu/Zn‐ and Mn‐ superoxide dismutases ( SOD s; Δsod1 and Δsod2 ), sulfiredoxin ( Δsrx1 ) and sulfide‐quinone oxidoreductase ( Δhmt2 ). First, we employed metabolomic analysis to examine the mutants of the glutathione biosynthetic pathway. We found that ophthalmic acid was produced by the same enzymes as glutathione in S. pombe . The identical genetic background of the strains allowed us to assess the severity of the individual gene knockouts by treating the deletion strains with oxidative agents. Among other results, we found that glutathione deletion strains were not particularly sensitive to peroxide or superoxide, but highly sensitive to cadmium stress. Our results show the astonishing diversity in cellular adaptation mechanisms to various types of oxidative and metal stress and provide a useful tool for further research into stress responses.