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Quantifying reshoring at the macro‐level—Measurement and applications
Author(s) -
Krenz Astrid,
Strulik Holger
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
growth and change
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.657
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1468-2257
pISSN - 0017-4815
DOI - 10.1111/grow.12513
Subject(s) - offshoring , macro , production (economics) , metric (unit) , automation , china , measure (data warehouse) , industrial organization , economics , business , econometrics , computer science , operations management , microeconomics , engineering , outsourcing , geography , database , marketing , mechanical engineering , archaeology , programming language
In this paper, we develop a metric of reshoring at the macroeconomic level, at the level of industries or countries. Our dynamic measure computes the change in the domestic–foreign input ratio and therewith captures the idea of moving production back to the home country. Additional conditions ensure that the measure is confined to actual reshoring and does not pick up, for example, mere changes in the scale and composition of production. We show that reshoring is only weakly approximated by reduced offshoring. We compute the reshoring intensity from the World Input Output Database and illustrate the use of the data with several applications. Specifically, we compute trends in reshoring for examples of countries and industry sectors, we investigate reshoring from China, and examine the impact of an increasing degree of automation for reshoring in emerging and developing economies.