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Condemned to complexity? Growing state activity and complex policy systems
Author(s) -
Limberg Julian,
Knill Christoph,
Steinebach Yves
Publication year - 2023
Publication title -
governance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.46
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1468-0491
pISSN - 0952-1895
DOI - 10.1111/gove.12684
Subject(s) - state (computer science) , social complexity , politics , variation (astronomy) , macro , relation (database) , political science , sociology , computer science , social science , astrophysics , law , programming language , physics , algorithm , database
Does growing state activity inevitably lead to more complex policy systems? In this article, we offer a new, comprehensive approach that systematically differentiates between the size and the complexity of policy portfolios to answer this question. Looking at data from 21 OECD countries over more than three decades (1980–2015) in the areas of social and environmental policy, we find substantial variation in the size and complexity of policy portfolios. While larger state activity is generally associated with growing complexity, this relation still varies both between countries and over time. Our finding suggests that increasing policy complexity is not a “natural given” but that two of the major trends of the last decades—growing state activity and global political integration—provided a very fertile ground that fosters policy complexity. These findings have important implications for analyzing macro patterns of state activity in the 21st century.