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Association between functional limitations and depression among community‐dwelling older adults in Malaysia
Author(s) -
Ahmad Noor Ani,
Abd Razak Mohamad Aznuddin,
Kassim Mohd ShaifulAzlan,
Sahril Norhafizah,
Ahmad Fazila Haryati,
Harith Abdul Aziz,
Mahmud Nur Azna,
Abdul Aziz Fazly Azry,
Hasim Mohd Hazrin,
Ismail Hasimah,
Mohd Sidik Sherina
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
geriatrics and gerontology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.823
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1447-0594
pISSN - 1444-1586
DOI - 10.1111/ggi.14012
Subject(s) - medicine , depression (economics) , activities of daily living , odds ratio , geriatric depression scale , confidence interval , logistic regression , demography , gerontology , cross sectional study , stratified sampling , physical therapy , psychiatry , cognition , depressive symptoms , pathology , sociology , economics , macroeconomics
Aim This study aimed to assess the relationship between functional limitations and depression among community‐dwelling older adults in Malaysia. Methods Data from a nation‐wide community‐based cross‐sectional study were analyzed. This study was conducted using a two‐stage stratified random sampling design. In total, 3772 older adults aged ≥60 years responded to the survey. Depression was identified using a validated Malay version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (M‐GDS‐14), with those scored ≥6 categorized as having depression. Functional limitations were assessed using both Barthel's Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Lawton's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). The relationship was determined by multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for other variables. Results The prevalence of depression was 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.4, 13.4). Multiple logistic regression analysis found that older adults with limitations in ADL were 2.6 times more likely of having depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.58, 95% CI 2.01, 3.32), while those with limitations in IADL the risk of having depression was almost doubled (aOR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.14). Other significant factors were incontinence (aOR 3.33, 95% CI: 2.33, 4.74), chronic medical illness (aOR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.81), current smoker (aOR 4.19, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.39), poor social support (aOR 4.30, 95% CI: 2.98, 6.20), do not have partner, ethnic minorities and low individual monthly income. Conclusions Older adults with functional limitation in both basic ADL and complex IADL are independently at higher risk of having depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 21–25 .