Premium
Food intake assessment in acutely ill older internal medicine patients
Author(s) -
Tonkikh Orly,
Shadmi Efrat,
Zisberg Anna
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
geriatrics and gerontology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.823
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1447-0594
pISSN - 1444-1586
DOI - 10.1111/ggi.13744
Subject(s) - medicine , activities of daily living , meal , odds , logistic regression , odds ratio , cohort study , cohort , food intake , confidence interval , gerontology , physical therapy
Aim Poor food intake is a major concern among hospitalized older adults. This study investigated the frequency and optimal timing of in‐hospital food intake assessment in terms of its ability to predict hospitalization functional outcomes. Methods Secondary analysis of a cohort study of 699 older adults (age ≥70 years) admitted to internal medicine wards for non‐disabling conditions was carried out. Daily food intake was assessed using self‐reported estimation of portions consumed at each meal and calculated according to the caloric composition of the meals. Nutritional status on admission, baseline and discharge activities of daily living, and cognitive status were assessed using validated questionnaires. Repeated measures analysis of variance ( n = 263) and multiple logistic regression models ( n = 475) for predicting activities of daily living and cognitive decline were used to establish required frequency and optimal timing of food‐intake monitoring. Results Mean daily intake significantly increased from the first 48 h from admission (0.51 ± 0.30) to the second and third assessments (0.62 ± 0.30 and 0.63 ± 0.30, respectively). Eating half or less of the served meals both within the first 48 h of admission and after 48 h was associated with higher odds of cognitive decline (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.27–2.94; OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.04–2.51, respectively). Low intake after 48 h of admission was associated with higher odds of activities of daily living decline (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.03–2.67). Conclusions Food intake increases from the first 48 h of admission onwards and becomes more consistent 3 days after admission. The associations between low food intake at various time points and worse functional outcomes show the importance of routine food intake monitoring for at least 3 days. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 890–895 .