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Spanish translation of the Kihon Checklist (frailty index)
Author(s) -
Maseda Ana,
LorenzoLópez Laura,
LópezLópez Rocío,
Arai Hidenori,
MillánCalenti José C.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
geriatrics and gerontology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.823
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1447-0594
pISSN - 1444-1586
DOI - 10.1111/ggi.12892
Subject(s) - checklist , medicine , gerontology , humanities , art , psychology , cognitive psychology
were carried out three times, in 2006, 2009 and 2014, by well-trained psychological testers. Partial correlation analysis adjusted for age, sex, DM duration and years of education was carried out to investigate the association of sBP, dBP, andHbA1cwith cognitive changes over the 9year study period. Table 1 presents the background characteristics of participants. A statistically significant correlation was found between sBP and decline of paragraph recall (coefficient=0.421, P=0.021), and a statistically significant correlation between sBP and increased time on Stroop Color Word test was found (coefficient=0.371 P=0.028). No significant associations were found otherwise. Several studies have reported a U-shaped association between BP and cognition. In the current study, we found that higher and lower sBP were differently associated with different cognitive domains. More decline of executive function observed over the 9years was associated with higher sBP, whereas memory decline was associated with lower sBP. In the present study, we did not see a significant association between HbA1c and cognitive decline in any of the cognitive domains. Another Japanese cohort study of older adults with T2DM showed that hypertension was more closely associated with cognitive dysfunction than blood glucose status. Although several studies have shown that HbA1c was associated with cognitive decline, the relationship is relatively weak. The current study investigated the association between of BP measures and HbA1c with cognition for 9years, which was a major strength of the study. However, the present study also had several limitations. First, the number of the participants involved was rather small. Second, some participants dropped out during the observation period, which might have introduced some bias. The present findings suggest that maintenance of appropriate BP levels contribute to the protection of cognition in older DM patients. Further studies with a larger number of participants or a prospective investigation are warranted. Conflict of interest