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Predictors of difficulty in carrying out basic activities of daily living among the old‐old: A 2‐year community‐based cohort study
Author(s) -
Sakamoto Ryota,
Okumiya Kiyohito,
Ishine Masayuki,
Wada Taizo,
Fujisawa Michiko,
Imai Hissei,
Ishimoto Yasuko,
Kimura Yumi,
Fukutomi Eriko,
Chen Wenling,
Sasiwongsaroj Kwanchit,
Kato Emiko,
Otsuka Kuniaki,
Matsubayashi Kozo
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
geriatrics and gerontology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.823
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1447-0594
pISSN - 1444-1586
DOI - 10.1111/ggi.12462
Subject(s) - medicine , activities of daily living , geriatric depression scale , physical therapy , cohort , blood pressure , ankle , timed up and go test , cohort study , gerontology , physical medicine and rehabilitation , surgery , cognition , psychiatry , depressive symptoms , balance (ability)
Aim To present practical predictors for the difficulty of carrying out basic activities of daily living ( ADL ) among the old‐old during a 2‐year period. Methods Assessment was carried out using data obtained from the Tosa Longitudinal Aging Study, a community‐based cohort survey on geriatric functions in the elderly. Predictor variables measured at baseline included age; sex; height; weight; blood pressure; oxygen saturation; neurobehavioral functions, such as Mini‐Mental State Examination, Kohs Block Design test, Timed Up and Go test, button score, functional reach test, geriatric depression scale, cardio‐ankle vascular index, ankle brachial pressure index; and blood chemical results, such as hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, serum lipids, serum albumin and serum creatinine. The outcome variable was the presence of difficulties while carrying out basic ADL after 2 years. Results Age of ≥85 years, Timed Up and Go test of ≥15 s, button score of >17 s and presence of knee pain were independent predictors of difficulty in carrying out basic ADL after 2 years. Elderly individuals who have had at least two positive findings out of these four variables were likely to have impaired basic ADL during a 2‐year period with a positive predictive value of 52.0%, negative predictive value of 90.2%, sensitivity of 70.3% and specificity of 80.8%. Conclusions Assessment of age, Timed Up and Go test, manual dexterity, and presence of knee pain is a useful and relevant way to identify patients who should be informed about their likelihood of developing difficulties in carrying out basic ADL . Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 214–222.