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Body mass index and self‐rated oral health in Korean adults in 2017
Author(s) -
Han ARum,
Shin MinHo,
Yang Jung ho,
Choi Chang Kyun,
Koh JeongTae,
Kim OkSu
Publication year - 2023
Publication title -
gerodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1741-2358
pISSN - 0734-0664
DOI - 10.1111/ger.12624
Subject(s) - medicine , underweight , body mass index , overweight , obesity , confidence interval , demography , odds ratio , logistic regression , cross sectional study , pathology , sociology
Objective To investigate the association between obesity and self‐rated oral health (SROH). This study examined the cross‐sectional associations between body mass index (BMI) and SROH in Korean adults. Materials and methods This study used data from 217 304 adults (100 110 men and 117 194 women aged > 19 years) from the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey. Participants were categorised into six ordinal groups based on BMI: underweight (<18.5 kg/m 2 ), normal weight (18.5‐22.9 kg/m 2 ), overweight (23.0‐24.9 kg/m 2 ), obese‐I (25.0‐27.4 kg/m 2 ), obese‐II (27.5‐29.9 kg/m 2 ) or obese‐III (≥30.0 kg/m 2 ). SROH was assessed using responses to the question, “How do you rate your oral health, including your teeth and gums?” rated on a 5‐point scale. SROH was categorised as “good” (reported as “fair,” “good” or “very good”) or “poor” or “very poor.” Age‐ and sex‐stratified associations between BMI categories and poor SROH were assessed using ordinal logistic regression analysis with sampling weights. Results The age‐adjusted odds ratio (OR) for poor SROH according to BMI levels was lowest in the overweight group in both men and women. In men, the OR for poor SROH was 2.03 (99% confidence interval [CI], 1.72‐2.39) in the underweight group, 1.17 (99% CI, 1.17‐1.25) in the normal group, 1.05 (99% CI, 0.98‐1.13) in the obese‐I group, 1.08 (99% CI, 0.98‐1.18) in the obese‐II group and 1.36 (99% CI, 1.20‐1.55) in the obese‐III group. In women, the OR was 1.18 (99% CI, 1.07‐1.31) in the underweight group, 1.01 (99% CI, 0.95‐1.07) in the normal group, 1.07(99% CI, 0.99‐1.16) in the obese‐I group, 1.16 (99% CI, 1.04‐1.30) in the obese‐II group and 1.39 (99% CI, 1.20‐1.62) in the obese‐III group. From the restricted cubic spline models in both sexes, BMI showed a J‐shaped association with poor and very poor SROH in men and women. In a stratified analysis by age group and sex, men and older women in the underweight group had poorer SROH than those in overweight group. Conclusion In a nationally representative sample of Korean adults, there was a J‐shaped association between BMI and poor SROH, with the highest risk in the underweight group amongst men and in the obese‐III group amongst women. Furthermore, in men and women over 65 years of age, underweight and obesity were associated with poorer SROH.