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Prevalence and factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation among community‐dwelling older people in J apan
Author(s) -
Ohara Yuki,
Hirano Hirohiko,
Yoshida Hideyo,
Obuchi Shuichi,
Ihara Kazushige,
Fujiwara Yoshinori,
Mataki Shiro
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
gerodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1741-2358
pISSN - 0734-0664
DOI - 10.1111/ger.12101
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , cross sectional study , depression (economics) , confidence interval , gerontology , dentistry , pathology , economics , macroeconomics
Objective This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation among community‐dwelling older people. Background Xerostomia and hyposalivation are common symptoms in the older population. Materials and methods This study included with 894 community‐dwelling, Japanese older people (355 men, 539 women; age 65–84 years) who participated in a comprehensive geriatric health examination, which included questionnaires and interviews regarding medical history, medications, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence ( TMIG ‐ IC ), depressive condition. The Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale ( SDS ) was used to evaluate depression. Resting salivary flow rate was evaluated by the modified cotton roll method. Results In this study, 34.8% of the participants (mean age, 73.5 ± 5.0 years) complained about xerostomia, while the prevalence of hyposalivation was 11.5%. Multiple regression analysis revealed hypnotics use [odds ratio ( OR ) = 1.71, 95% confidence interval ( CI ) = 1.13–2.61], SDS ( OR = 1.05, CI = 1.04–1.07) and TMIG ‐ IC total points ( OR = 0.87, CI = 0.76–0.99) to be significantly associated with xerostomia. In contrast, female gender ( OR = 2.59, CI = 1.55–4.31) and the use of agents affecting digestive organs ( OR = 1.78, CI = 1.11–2.86) were associated with hyposalivation. Conclusion Our findings showed that the prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation were approximately 1 in 3 and 1 in 10 respectively. The factors associated with psychological factors and high‐level functional competence, while hyposalivation was associated with medications and gender, as well as systemic and/or metabolic differences. It is important to consider these multidimensional factors associated with xerostomia and hyposalivation.