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Global patterns of body size evolution in squamate reptiles are not driven by climate
Author(s) -
Slavenko Alex,
Feldman Anat,
Allison Allen,
Bauer Aaron M.,
Böhm Monika,
Chirio Laurent,
Colli Guarino R.,
Das Indraneil,
Doan Tiffany M.,
LeBreton Matthew,
Martins Marcio,
Meirte Danny,
Nagy Zoltán T.,
Nogueira Cristiano de C.,
Pauwels Olivier S. G.,
PincheiraDonoso Daniel,
Roll Uri,
Wagner Philipp,
Wang Yuezhao,
Meiri Shai
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
global ecology and biogeography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.164
H-Index - 152
eISSN - 1466-8238
pISSN - 1466-822X
DOI - 10.1111/geb.12868
Subject(s) - ectotherm , ecology , bergmann's rule , range (aeronautics) , biology , biodiversity , macroecology , spatial ecology , temporal scales , climate change , phylogenetic tree , generalist and specialist species , geography , latitude , habitat , biochemistry , materials science , geodesy , gene , composite material
Aim Variation in body size across animal species underlies most ecological and evolutionary processes shaping local‐ and large‐scale patterns of biodiversity. For well over a century, climatic factors have been regarded as primary sources of natural selection on animal body size, and hypotheses such as Bergmann's rule (the increase of body size with decreasing temperature) have dominated discussions. However, evidence for consistent climatic effects, especially among ectotherms, remains equivocal. Here, we test a range of key hypotheses on climate‐driven size evolution in squamate reptiles across several spatial and phylogenetic scales. Location Global. Time period Extant. Major taxa studied Squamates (lizards and snakes). Methods We quantified the role of temperature, precipitation, seasonality and net primary productivity as drivers of body mass across ca. 95% of extant squamate species (9,733 spp.). We ran spatial autoregressive models of phylogenetically corrected median mass per equal‐area grid cell. We ran models globally, across separate continents and for major squamate clades independently. We also performed species‐level analyses using phylogenetic generalized least square models and linear regressions of independent contrasts of sister species. Results Our analyses failed to identify consistent spatial patterns in body size as a function of our climatic predictors. Nearly all continent‐ and family‐level models differed from one another, and species‐level models had low explanatory power. Main conclusions The global distribution of body mass among living squamates varies independently from the variation in multiple components of climate. Our study, the largest in spatial and taxonomic scale conducted to date, reveals that there is little support for a universal, consistent mechanism of climate‐driven size evolution within squamates.