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Extending Moran's Index for Measuring Spatiotemporal Clustering of Geographic Events
Author(s) -
Lee Jay,
Li Shengwen
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
geographical analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.773
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1538-4632
pISSN - 0016-7363
DOI - 10.1111/gean.12106
Subject(s) - spatial analysis , index (typography) , set (abstract data type) , dependency (uml) , cluster analysis , data mining , normality , autocorrelation , data set , statistics , interpretation (philosophy) , computer science , geography , econometrics , statistical physics , mathematics , artificial intelligence , physics , world wide web , programming language
Moran's Index for spatial autocorrelation and localized index for spatial association have been widely applied in many research fields as the first step to explore and assess the spatial dependency in a set of geographic events. This article presents extensions to the equations for calculating global and localized spatial autocorrelation so to include the temporal attribute values of the geographic events being analyzed. The extended equations were successfully implemented and tested with a real world data set. In addition, simulated data sets were used to reveal how the extended equations performed. Beyond the usefulness of the extended equations, we suggest that care be taken with regard to assessing spatiotemporal patterns under the normality and randomization assumptions as different outcomes from different assumptions would require different approaches for interpretation.