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Soil carbon and belowground carbon balance of a short‐rotation coppice: assessments from three different approaches
Author(s) -
Berhongaray Gonzalo,
Verlinden Melanie S.,
Broeckx Laura S.,
Janssens Ivan A.,
Ceulemans Reinhart
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
gcb bioenergy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.378
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1757-1707
pISSN - 1757-1693
DOI - 10.1111/gcbb.12369
Subject(s) - soil carbon , environmental science , short rotation coppice , willow , agronomy , short rotation forestry , soil respiration , soil organic matter , coppicing , bioenergy , biomass (ecology) , subsoil , soil water , soil science , woody plant , ecology , biofuel , biology
Uncertainty in soil carbon (C) fluxes across different land‐use transitions is an issue that needs to be addressed for the further deployment of perennial bioenergy crops. A large‐scale short‐rotation coppice ( SRC ) site with poplar ( Populus ) and willow ( Salix ) was established to examine the land‐use transitions of arable and pasture to bioenergy. Soil C pools, output fluxes of soil CO 2 , CH 4 , dissolved organic carbon ( DOC ) and volatile organic compounds, as well as input fluxes from litter fall and from roots, were measured over a 4‐year period, along with environmental parameters. Three approaches were used to estimate changes in the soil C. The largest C pool in the soil was the soil organic carbon ( SOC ) pool and increased after four years of SRC from 10.9 to 13.9 kg C m −2 . The belowground woody biomass (coarse roots) represented the second largest C pool, followed by the fine roots (Fr). The annual leaf fall represented the largest C input to the soil, followed by weeds and Fr. After the first harvest, we observed a very large C input into the soil from high Fr mortality. The weed inputs decreased as trees grew older and bigger. Soil respiration averaged 568.9 g C m −2  yr −1 . Leaching of DOC increased over the three years from 7.9 to 14.5 g C m −2 . The pool‐based approach indicated an increase of 3360 g C m −2 in the SOC pool over the 4‐year period, which was high when compared with the −27 g C m −2 estimated by the flux‐based approach and the −956 g C m −2 of the combined eddy‐covariance + biometric approach. High uncertainties were associated to the pool‐based approach. Our results suggest using the C flux approach for the assessment of the short‐/medium‐term SOC balance at our site, while SOC pool changes can only be used for long‐term C balance assessments.

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